API Gateways - Kong vs Apigee vs AWS API Gateway vs Tyk#
API gateways are specialised reverse proxies for APIs: authentication, rate limiting, request transformation, schema validation, billing, developer portal.
Side-by-side#
| Kong | Apigee (Google) | AWS API Gateway | Tyk | Envoy / Gloo Edge | KrakenD | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Open source core | yes (OSS + Enterprise) | no (managed only) | no | yes (OSS + Enterprise) | yes (Envoy + Gloo OSS/EE) | yes |
| Data plane | NGINX or new Rust-based | Managed | AWS-managed | Custom Go | Envoy | Custom Go |
| Hosting | Self / Konnect SaaS | Google Cloud | AWS | Self / Cloud | Self / Solo cloud | Self |
| Plugins | Lua / Go / WASM | Java / Node policies | Limited (Lambda authorisers) | Python / JS / Go | WASM / Lua | Native |
| Auth | Many plugins | Full (OAuth, OpenID, SAML) | IAM, Cognito, Lambda authorisers | OAuth/JWT/HMAC | OAuth, JWT, OIDC | JWT, OAuth |
| Rate limit | Built-in | Built-in | Built-in | Built-in | Plugin | Built-in |
| Multi-region | Self-managed | Built-in | Regional or edge-optimized | Self-managed | Self-managed | Self-managed |
| Best fit | OSS-first, plugin-rich | Enterprise + portal | AWS-native serverless | OSS with strong defaults | Microservice mesh edge | Stateless aggregator |
Decision tree#
flowchart TB
Q[New API gateway] --> A{Already on<br/>AWS Lambda/ECS?}
A -->|yes| AWS[AWS API Gateway]
A -->|no| B{Need full<br/>enterprise developer portal?}
B -->|yes| Apigee
B -->|no| C{Need GraphQL or<br/>response aggregation?}
C -->|yes| Kraken[KrakenD or Apollo Router]
C -->|no| D{OSS-friendly,<br/>plugin-rich?}
D -->|yes| Kong
D -->|no| Tyk
classDef client fill:#dbeafe,stroke:#1e40af,stroke-width:1px,color:#0f172a;
classDef edge fill:#cffafe,stroke:#0e7490,stroke-width:1px,color:#0f172a;
classDef service fill:#fef3c7,stroke:#92400e,stroke-width:1px,color:#0f172a;
classDef datastore fill:#fee2e2,stroke:#991b1b,stroke-width:1px,color:#0f172a;
classDef cache fill:#fed7aa,stroke:#9a3412,stroke-width:1px,color:#0f172a;
classDef queue fill:#ede9fe,stroke:#5b21b6,stroke-width:1px,color:#0f172a;
classDef compute fill:#d1fae5,stroke:#065f46,stroke-width:1px,color:#0f172a;
classDef storage fill:#e5e7eb,stroke:#374151,stroke-width:1px,color:#0f172a;
classDef external fill:#fce7f3,stroke:#9d174d,stroke-width:1px,color:#0f172a;
classDef obs fill:#f3e8ff,stroke:#6b21a8,stroke-width:1px,color:#0f172a;
class Q,A,B,C,D service;
class AWS,Apigee,Kraken,Kong,Tyk edge;
What you'll get asked#
- "API gateway vs service mesh?" Gateway sits at the north-south boundary (external clients); mesh sits east-west (service-to-service). Many use both.
- "Why not just NGINX?" NGINX works for routing + auth, but lacks plugin ecosystem, dev portal, analytics, OAuth flows.
- "Cost?" AWS API Gateway charges per request and per GB; can dominate spend at scale. Self-hosted Kong/Envoy is cheaper at scale.
Related fundamentals#
FAQ#
What is the difference between an API gateway and a reverse proxy?#
A reverse proxy routes and load-balances HTTP traffic. An API gateway adds API-specific features on top: authentication, rate limiting, request transformation, schema validation, and developer portals.
Which is better, Kong or AWS API Gateway?#
Kong wins for multi-cloud or on-prem deployments and rich plugins. AWS API Gateway is best when you are all-in on AWS, want serverless, and can live with its quotas and Lambda integration model.
Is Apigee worth the price?#
Apigee is strong for monetisation, partner portals, and large-enterprise governance. For most teams, Kong or Tyk offer 80 percent of the value at a much lower total cost.
Can I use Envoy as an API gateway?#
Yes. Envoy via Gloo Edge, Contour, or Emissary is a popular choice when you already run service mesh on Envoy. Pure Envoy is powerful but lower-level than Kong or Apigee.
When should I use KrakenD?#
KrakenD shines as a backend-for-frontend that aggregates multiple upstream APIs into one tailored response. It is stateless, fast, and well suited to mobile and SPA clients.