MongoDB and MySQL both are databases programs widely used in the world of information technology. In this article, we will tell you about the differences, uses, pros and cons. You will also get to know MongoDB VS MySQL, which is better databases.
Before you start understanding differences you must know some basics related to databases. Below we have given the information related to the database that will help you in understanding all the concepts related to databases.
What Is Data?
[su_note note_color=”#FFF9C4″]The word data is originated from the word ‘datum’ which actually means ‘single piece of information’. Data is a plural form of ‘datum’.[/su_note]
Data is said to be facts related to any object that is under observation.
Everything is a form of data for example age, height, weight, name, a picture, file, pdf, image all are considered as data.
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What is Database ?
[su_note note_color=”#FFF9C4″]The database is nothing but a systematic collection of data. In the database, we arrange data in an organized way to get easy access over data and manage it.[/su_note]
The data can be organized into rows, columns, tables and index to easily find the information you want.
[su_box title=”General examples :” box_color=”#ffffff” title_color=”#000000″]
Your telephone directory use database to store data of people, contacts and other relevant information related to them.
You electricity bill provider also use the database to manage the bills, client-related queries, faults etc.
Also, you can take the example of a social media website, Facebook, which also use the database to store data related to every user.
Data related to every member, their feeds, activities, messages, friends list, advertisements all are managed with the help of the database.
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- Database handlers are the people who make a set of data software program that can be used to manage all data of a company or firm at one place with ease.
- Dynamic websites on the world wide web such as movie tickets booking site or the railway seat reservation site or a hotel room booking website all are managed only with the database.
The most common type of database available today is MySQL, MongoDB, Informix, PostgreSQL, SQL Server, Oracle, Sybase.
All databases are controlled and managed by the Database Management System( DBMS).
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What is DBMS ?
[su_note note_color=”#FFF9C4″]Database Management System is a collection of software applications and programs which allows its users to manipulate data, access data and reporting/ representation of data.[/su_note]
It will also helpful in accessing and controlling databases.
It is used for a long time since 1960. Charles Bachman’s Integrated Data Store(IDS) is the first DBMS all over the world. From 1960 to now technologies became more advanced and improved a lot.
Database Evolution
The database came from a long journey. It is an evolution from flat-file system to RDBMS.
1. File-Based
In this data was maintained in a flat-file. It was first introduced in 1968. It has many advantages and disadvantages.
The advantage is that it has various access modes, e.g., sequential, indexed, and random.
2. Hierarchical Data Model
It is a database which is based on the parent-child relationship. This model was popular from 1968 to 1980. It is not used nowadays. Its structure is like a tree in which branches represent fields and nodes represent nodes.
It has many limitations that include lack structural independence, complex implement, it is not easy to handle a many-many relationship.
3. Network Data Model
In the Network Data Model, files are related as owners and members. It supports many-many relations. RDM server falls under the category of Network Data Model.
It also has limitations as it is difficult to design and maintain as it has problems like system complexity.
Components
- Sub-schema (views of the database per user)
- Data Management Language (procedural)
- Network Schema( Database Organizations.
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Relational Database
It is used from 1970 to till now. It was first proposed by E.F. Codd. In this type of database, relations are defined with the help of tables. It also does not support many-many relationships. It is the most commonly used database and easily available in the market. This database’s common example is MySQL, Microsoft SQL Server database and oracle database.
This also uses some mathematical concepts like set theory and predicate logic.
Cloud Database
This database allows you to manage, retrieve, and store structured and unstructured data via a cloud platform. Your data is only accessible through the internet.
They are commonly known as database as service(DBaaS) because it is a managed service.
Top Cloud Options
- AWS ( Amazon Web Services)
- Oracle Database Cloud Services
- Microsoft SQL server
- Snowflake Computing
- Google Cloud Spanner
[su_box title=”Advantages” box_color=”#ffffff” title_color=”#000000″]
- There are many advantages of using a cloud database.
- It is a cheap and lower cost method to use. The company providers don’t have to invest and it can support and easily maintain more than one data centres.
- It has also many top-class features such as failover, auto-scaling, and recovery.
- You can manage and access your cloud database from any location, anywhere and anywhere you want.
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No-SQL Database
It is not-adherence to Relational Database Concepts. NoSQL is used to handle a large volume of data. It is an unstructured database commonly used by all famous companies like Google, Facebook, Amazon, etc.
This database allows you to define your schemes according to your data.
This is all related to the database which you need to know before you study MongoDB vs MySQL performance. Now we will give you the point of difference between them.
Also read : Best NoSQL databases list
Mongodb vs Mysql Comparision
MongoDB VS MySQL Differences
We are using different parameters to show you clearly the differences between MongoDB and MySQL.
What They Are?
MongoDB:- It is an open-source database which stores data in JSON like documents that may vary in structure. It is the most popular No-SQL database.
MySQL:- It is a popular RDBMS( Relational Database Management System). It is distributed and developed by Oracle Corporation.
How Data Is Stored?
MongoDB:- Each record is stored as documents.
MySQL:- Each record is stored as rows in the table.
SQL or NoSQL
[su_note note_color=”#FFF9C4″]MongoDB is a NoSQL database. It means that different documents can have different structures. It has a dynamic schema.[/su_note]
[su_note note_color=”#FFF9C4″]MySQL as its name contains SQL it is a SQL database. It means its schema can not be changed and it is always structured.[/su_note]
Features :
MongoDB is designed in keeping mind high scalability and availability were MySQL does not allow replication and sharding.
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| Features | MySQL | MongoDB |
|---|---|---|
| Rich Data Model | No | Yes |
| Typed Data | Yes | Yes |
| Dynamic Schema. | No | Yes |
| Field Updates. | Yes | Yes |
| Data Locality. | No | Yes |
| Easy For Programmers. | No | Yes |
| Complex Transactions. | Yes | No |
| Auto-Sharding | No | Yes |
| Auditing. | No | Yes |
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Terminology :
MySQL:- Table, Row, Column, Joins
MongoDB:- Collection, Document, Embedded Documents, Linking, Field.
Data Representations
The difference lies in the way the data is represented and stored.
Both the database uses different ways to implement the above task.
MongoDB stores data in the form of JSON like documents whereas MySQL stores data in the form of tables.
Advantages Of NoSQL Over SQL
There are many advantages of NoSQL over SQL databases.
- More Scalable and Gives superior performance
- It can easily handle a large volume of structured, unstructured and semi-structured data.
- Quick iteration, Agile sprints, and frequent code push.
- Based on OOPs( Object-oriented Programming) which make it easy to use and handle.
- It is more flexible.
- It is very efficient to use.
- Scale-out architecture
- Low cost as they are open source.
- It is Schema free
- Easy to scale and shard
- Less need for ETL
- You can change data any time
- No legacy code
Disadvantages of MongoDB
As we know there is nothing fully perfect in the world. Having so many brilliant features and
Pros here we are providing you with disadvantages of MongoDB.
- It doesn’t support Joins.
- It uses more memory as it stores key names for every value pair. Also, it doesn’t support joins which also lead to data redundancy.
- You can’t make a document with a size more than 16MB.
- You can not perform nesting in documents for more than 100 levels.
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Conclusion
From the above discussion, it is clear that MongoDB is a No-SQL database which allows users to define a schema for the data and MySQL is a SQL based database which has a predefined Schema for the data. A database is a collection of software to manage, evaluate and access data.
There are many advantages and disadvantages to both types of databases. You have also given all the features, pros and cons of both the database which will surely help you in selecting the right database for you and your firm.
Let us know whether you liked our mongodb vs mysql comparision guide or not. For more detailed description, have a look at this video, which i personally found useful :